Control of natural resources and environment

Written by admin on Jun 3rd, 2009 | Filed under: News
Due to the indiscriminate use of fertilizers and all kinds of chemicals are the following problems in both surface and underground waters: - Accumulation of nitrates and phosphates, resulting in a loss of portability. - Eutrophication of inland waters and coastal seas, the increase to harmful levels of organic and inorganic products derived from sewage and agricultural fertilizers, causing severe changes in the characteristics of the medium and oxygen in deep water. - Salinization of aquifers by over-exploitation of groundwater. This whole problem lies in the soil for agricultural use, as if the waters are polluted, and use it for irrigation, also end up contaminating the soil for cultivation.The phenomenon of air pollution can not be separated from those mentioned above, as well as the effects of

the pollutant on animate or inanimate beings, and even on the properties of the atmosphere itself (reduced visibility, dissemination or absorption of radiation solar and terrestrial heat balance of the alteration of land-atmosphere system with possible influences on local weather and climate, etc.).. In fact, to talk about air pollution should have started by defining it. Thus, according Puigcerver (1979), we would say it is the contamination of the atmosphere and injecting it into temporary holding areas, gaseous, liquid or solid-beyond its normal composition and proportion much higher than that of the former. For the author these substances are not necessarily toxic or harmful irritants, and are not always human, although the latter, specifically those related to agricultural activity, which in this section are disputed. Hence an argument shown in some publications (Zurita Dávila, 1992). But this is a very complex issue that itself could be a lengthy and requires a deep knowledge in meteorology and other aspects concerning the physical behavior of the atmosphere. So I will simply cite a few examples: this is the case of nitrogenous fertilizers sector, where losses are released into the air as ammonia, nitric acid, particulate nitrate and urea ammonium. The urea dust emission reaches 3 kg.t-1 of urea produced. Moreover, in the manufacture of nitric acid is the emission of a vapor-laden pink nitrogen oxide. Also in the manufacture of phosphate fertilizers emissions of dust, fluoride and the production of phosphogypsum is causing major problems.


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